Key topics and concepts covered in Spring Boot interview questions
- What is Spring Boot, and why is it used in Java applications?
Spring Boot is a popular Java framework that provides a set of tools and libraries for quickly creating and deploying Spring-based applications. It provides a convention-over-configuration approach, which means that it automatically configures and wires together various components and dependencies, allowing you to focus on writing the business logic of your application. Spring Boot is commonly used in Java applications because it helps to reduce the amount of boilerplate code that developers have to write, and it makes it easier to create and deploy production-ready applications.
- What is the difference between Spring Boot and Spring MVC?
Spring MVC is a web framework that is part of the Spring framework. It provides a set of tools and libraries for building web applications, including support for handling HTTP requests, rendering views, and performing other common web tasks. In contrast, Spring Boot is a higher-level framework that builds on top of Spring MVC and other Spring frameworks, providing a more opinionated and convention-based approach to developing Spring applications. Spring Boot automatically configures and wires together various components and dependencies, making it easier to create and deploy production-ready applications.
- What are the main features of Spring Boot?
Some of the main features of Spring Boot include:
- Automatic configuration and dependency management: Spring Boot automatically configures and wires together various components and dependencies, allowing you to focus on writing the business logic of your application.
- Embedded servlet container: Spring Boot includes an embedded servlet container, such as Tomcat or Jetty, so you can run your application as a standalone Java application without the need to deploy it to a web server.
- Command-line interface: Spring Boot provides a command-line interface (CLI) that you can use to quickly generate and run Spring-based applications from the command line.
- Actuator: Spring Boot includes an actuator that provides various endpoints for monitoring and managing your application, such as health checks, metrics, and other information.
- How does Spring Boot simplify the development of Java applications?
Spring Boot simplifies the development of Java applications in several ways. First, it provides a convention-over-configuration approach, which means that it automatically configures and wires together various components and dependencies, reducing the amount of boilerplate code that developers have to write. Second, it includes an embedded servlet container, which allows you to run your application as a standalone Java application without the need to deploy it to a web server. Third, it provides a rich set of tools and libraries for quickly building and deploying Spring-based applications.
- What is the difference between Spring Boot and other Java web frameworks?
Spring Boot is different from other Java web frameworks in several ways. First, it is built on top of the Spring framework, which provides a rich set of tools and libraries for building web applications. Second, it provides a convention-over-configuration approach, which means that it automatically configures and wires together various components and dependencies, reducing the amount of boilerplate code that developers have to write. Third, it includes an embedded servlet container, which allows you to run your application as a standalone Java application without the need to deploy it to a web server.
6. How can you customize the configuration and behavior of a Spring Boot application?
There are several ways to customize the configuration and behavior of a Spring Boot application. One approach is to use externalized configuration, which allows you to define properties and settings in external files, such as application.properties or application.yml, and then reference those properties in your code using the @Value or @ConfigurationProperties annotations. Another approach is to use Spring Boot starters, which are collections of dependencies that you can include in your project to enable various features and functionality, such as support for web applications, data access, and security.
7. How can you use Spring Boot to build a microservice architecture?
Spring Boot is well-suited for building microservice architectures, which are systems that are composed of small, independently deployable services that communicate with each other using well-defined APIs. With Spring Boot, you can create individual services that are self-contained and have their own configuration and dependencies. You can then use Spring Boot’s embedded servlet container and other features to quickly deploy and run the services as standalone Java applications. You can also use Spring Boot’s support for distributed tracing, monitoring, and other features to manage and monitor a microservice architecture at scale.